ABSTRACT
Gangliogliomas (GG) are mixed glioneuronal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), occurring mostly in the pediatric population, with common sites being temporal lobes and less commonly in the frontal and parietal lobes. We report a case of a 7-year-old child who presented with bilateral visual defects for 6 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed an intensely enhancing mass lesion with calcification in the sellar and suprasellar region involving the optic chiasm and the left optic nerve. The mass showed almost bilaterally symmetrical diffuse spread along the optic tracts posteriorly and hypothalamus, temporal lobes, thalami and the basal ganglia. The lesion was radiologically indistinguishable from chiasmatic astrocytoma or a germ cell tumor but histopathological features were of a ganglioglioma. While a few optic apparatus gangliogliomas have been reported in the literature, such widespread diffuse involvement of the entire optico-chiasmal hypothalamic pathway is unusual.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Brain Neoplasms/metabolism , Child , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Ganglioglioma/metabolism , Humans , Hypothalamus/pathology , Immunohistochemistry , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neurosurgical Procedures , Optic Chiasm/pathology , Radiosurgery , Radiotherapy, Conformal , Visual Pathways/pathologyABSTRACT
Leiomyosarcoma of the prostate is an extremely rare entity. Sarcomas account for about 1% of all malignant tumors and less than 5% of them arise from the genitourinary tract. Majority of patients present with urinary obstructive symptoms. The outcome is generally poor. Surgery with or without radiotherapy/chemotherapy forms the mainstay of treatment for patients with operable tumors. We report a patient presenting with recurrent episodes of hematuria.